{"id":117325,"date":"2026-02-18T09:51:13","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T15:51:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/?p=117325"},"modified":"2026-02-18T17:40:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T23:40:30","slug":"the-second-vatican-council-polar-star-of-the-way-of-the-church","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/en\/concilio-vaticano-ii-estrella-polar-del-camino-de-la-iglesia\/","title":{"rendered":"Vatican Council II: pole star of the Church's journey"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Within the framework of the 60th anniversary of the closing of the Second Vatican Council, and in continuity with the catecheses that Pope Leo XIV has dedicated to this decisive event for the life of the Church, Dr. David Vegue Corbacho, <a href=\"https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/en\/miembros-laicos\/#misioneros-permanentes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Permanent Missionary<\/a>, shares a reflection that invites us to rediscover the Council not as an episode of the past, but as a \u00abliving prophecy\u00bb and a spiritual compass for our times. How can we allow ourselves to be guided by its renewing impulse, avoiding partial or ideological interpretations? This reading places Vatican II once again at the center of the ecclesial journey.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Pope Leo XIV, since the beginning of 2026, has dedicated the Wednesday General Audiences to catechesis on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/index_sp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vatican Council II<\/a> and its documents, coinciding with the 60th anniversary of its closure, to rediscover the prophecy and timeliness of this ecclesial event, considered by Popes Paul VI, John Paul II, Benedict XVI and Francis, as \u00abthe Magisterium that constitutes the North Star of the Church's journey\u00bb (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/content\/leo-xiv\/es\/audiences\/2026\/documents\/20260107-udienza-generale.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>General Audience<\/em>, Wednesday, January 7, 2026<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) was the 21st and last ecumenical or universal assembly of all the bishops of the world, presided over by the Pope to define the response of faith, doctrine, discipline and Magisterium of the Catholic Church to the challenges posed by the challenging political, social, economic and technological changes of the modern world after World War II and the Holocaust, the Cold War and the nuclear threat, which caused the decline of religious practice and the advance of secularism (separation of religion from public life).<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">C<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">onvocated by\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">an John XXIII<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0January 25, 1959<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">, s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">t was held in four sessions<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0two to three months<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">, every fall between 1962 and 1965.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">Nearly 3 participated.<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">242<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0persons: 2<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">.<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">540 Catholic bishops from all over the world<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">called<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">Conciliar Fathers<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u2013<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">, some of them cardinals and patriarchs, some of them cardinals and patriarchs<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">; 460 experts or expert theologians who advised the bishops;\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">200\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">non-Catholic observers (Orthodox and Protestant)<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a042 lay and religious<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0(men and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">women<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">).\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">One year later, on June 3, 1963,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">John XXIII\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">passed away\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">suddenly\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">&amp;\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">was\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">his successor,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">an Paul VI,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">who\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">convened and chaired l<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">he works<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0conciliar<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">until its closure<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW100764651 BCX8\">\u00a0December 8, 1965.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>In his Opening Address to the Second Vatican Council on Thursday, October 11, 1962, St. John XXIII announced that the main purpose of the Council was that \u00abthe sacred deposit of Christian doctrine be guarded and taught in an ever more effective way (...); that a step be taken towards a doctrinal penetration and a formation of consciences (...).); that a step forward be taken towards a doctrinal penetration and a formation of consciences (...), in keeping with the norms and demands of a predominantly pastoral Magisterium (...); to look to the present, to the new conditions and forms of life introduced into the world today, which have opened new paths for the Catholic apostolate\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>St. John XXIII affirmed that \u00abwith timely \u201cupdating\u201d, the Church will make men, families and peoples truly turn their spirits towards heavenly things\u00bb. The Pope's repeated use of the Italian word \u00abaggiornamento\u00bb (updating or updating), popularized the term and made it the key message and guiding principle of the Council, taken up by St. Paul VI and defined as \u00aba stimulus for the Church to increase her ever greater vitality and her capacity for self-assessment and attentive consideration of the signs of the times, always and everywhere \u201cexamining everything and retaining what is good\u201d with the enthusiasm of youth\u00bb (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/content\/paul-vi\/es\/encyclicals\/documents\/hf_p-vi_enc_06081964_ecclesiam.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Ecclesiam suam<\/em><\/a>, n. 50).<\/p>\n<p>Impelled by the Holy Spirit as a New Pentecost, the Second Vatican Council opened the way for a timely ecclesial renewal, in which, without losing its essence or renouncing its past, the Church has since then been carrying out a New Evangelization of the world through contemporary pastoral forms that make the Christian faith comprehensible and effective for modern man in times of ever more rapid change.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_117328\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-117328\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-117328 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII2.webp\" alt=\"Vatican Council II: pole star of the Church&#039;s journey\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII2.webp 900w, https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII2-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII2-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII2-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-117328\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The program proposed by the Second Vatican Council for the New Evangelization in today's world comprised 5 main axes, developed in 16 documents.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The Church, as Mother and Teacher, attentive to the signs of the times and loving towards all humanity, following the example of Christ and the Apostles, goes out to meet each person, with his or her values and miseries, becoming \u00aball things to all people\u00bb (<em>1 Cor<\/em> 9:22), accepts the positive contributions of every culture and time, dialogues with people of good will and collaborates in the construction of a more just and fraternal society through the living of Gospel values (peace, love, service, forgiveness) and firm hope in eternal salvation.<\/p>\n<p>The program proposed by the Second Vatican Council for the New Evangelization in today's world comprised 5 main axes, which it developed in 16 documents:<\/p>\n<p>1) Theological Axis, presented in the Dogmatic Constitution <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei-verbum_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Dei Verbum<\/em><\/a> (The Word of God), in which the understanding of Divine Revelation is renewed through history by means of Jesus Christ, present in Sacred Scripture, Tradition and the Magisterium of the Church.<\/p>\n<p>2) Ecclesiological Axis, first dealt with in the Dogmatic Constitution. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Lumen Gentium<\/em><\/a> (Light of the Peoples), where the Church is defined as the People of God, emphasizing the universal vocation to holiness, the collegial structure of the episcopate in union with the Pope and the role of the laity in the life of the Church. Subsequently, the Pastoral Constitution <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Gaudium et Spes<\/em><\/a> (Joy and Hope) establishes an open dialogue between the Church and modern society, underlining human dignity, solidarity and the mission to serve humanity, especially the poor, and to interpret the signs of the times in the light of the Gospel.<\/p>\n<p>3) Liturgical Axis, set forth in the Constitution <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Sacrosanctum Concilium<\/em><\/a> (Sacrosanct Council), which promoted a liturgy more adapted to modern times, without losing the rich tradition, and allowed the use of vernacular or local languages along with Latin, as well as the active, conscious and fruitful participation of the faithful. The Decree <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19651207_presbyterorum-ordinis_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Presbyterorum Ordinis<\/em><\/a> (of the order of priests) emphasized the role of the ministry and life of priests as celebrants and animators of liturgical life in the community. Finally, the Decree <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19641121_orientalium-ecclesiarum_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Orientalium Ecclesiarum<\/em><\/a> (Of the Eastern Churches) recognized the value and liturgical richness of the rites and traditions of the Eastern Catholic Churches.<\/p>\n<p>4) Ecumenical and Interreligious Axis, which is first specified in the Decree\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19641121_unitatis-redintegratio_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Unitatis Redintegratio<\/em><\/a><span> (Restoration of Unity), which seeks to restore unity among all Christian denominations through dialogue, conversion, prayer and cooperation on ecclesial and social issues.<\/span>\u00a0<span>Then, in the Declaration\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decl_19651028_nostra-aetate_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Nostra Aetate<\/em><\/a><span> (In our time), the Church's respect for non-Christian religions is expressed, in favor of dialogue, peace and universal fraternity, and the rejection of religious discrimination and intolerance, underlining the common origin and shared final destiny of all peoples under God.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>5) Pastoral axis, developed in 8 documents.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">The Decree\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19651028_christus-dominus_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Christus Dominus<\/em><\/a> (Christ the Lord) defined the pastoral ministry of the bishops as successors of the Apostles, who, in collegiality with the Pope, are to teach, sanctify and shepherd their particular dioceses, fostering missionary collaboration and pastoral renewal to serve the whole Church.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Decree <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19651028_optatam-totius_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Optatam Totius<\/em><\/a> (the longed-for renewal of the whole Church) establishes the guidelines for integral priestly formation - spiritual, intellectual, pastoral and human - to serve Christ and the people of his time.<\/p>\n<p>The Decree <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19651028_perfectae-caritatis_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Perfectae Caritatis<\/em><\/a> (On Perfect Charity) promotes the renewal of religious life, balancing the living of chastity, poverty and obedience, according to the foundational charisms, with adaptation to modern times, in favor of its vocational witness and a more effective apostolic action.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">The Decree\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19651207_ad-gentes_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Ad Gentes<\/em><\/a> (To the Gentiles) points out that the Church is missionary by nature, because of the mission entrusted by Christ to evangelize and establish new local Churches among peoples who do not know Christ, by means of the catechumenate and the inculturation of the Gospel or the transformation of culture, reflecting Christian life in their own social environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Decree <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19651118_apostolicam-actuositatem_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Apostolicam Actuositatem<\/em><\/a> (Apostolic activity) recognizes that the laity in the Church, as an effect of the sacraments of baptism and confirmation, are called to sanctify the world in all temporal spheres (family, work, society, culture, etc.) through their witness of life and apostolic action.<\/p>\n<p>The Declaration <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decl_19651028_gravissimum-educationis_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Gravissimum Educationis<\/em><\/a> (On the decisive importance of education) affirms the universal right to an integral education - physical, moral, intellectual - and the fundamental role of parents as primary educators, the importance of Catholic schools and the need for Christian spiritual formation.<\/p>\n<p>The Declaration <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decl_19651207_dignitatis-humanae_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Dignitatis Humanae<\/em><\/a> (On Human Dignity) proclaims the fundamental right of every person to freedom of conscience and religion, determining that no one may be forced to act against his conscience or prevented from acting in accordance with it, publicly or privately.<\/p>\n<p>The Decree <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/hist_councils\/ii_vatican_council\/documents\/vat-ii_decree_19631204_inter-mirifica_sp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Inter Mirifica<\/em><\/a> (Among the marvelous inventions) emphasizes the right to information, moral responsibility, the formation of critical audiences and the use of technology and social media for evangelization.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_117329\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-117329\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-117329\" src=\"https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII3.webp\" alt=\"Vatican Council II: pole star of the Church&#039;s journey\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII3.webp 900w, https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII3-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII3-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/regnumchristi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CVII3-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-117329\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pope Leo XIV, since the beginning of 2026, has dedicated Wednesday General Audiences to catechesis on the Second Vatican Council and its documents (Image credit: Vatican Media).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Sixty years after the Second Vatican Council, Pope Leo XIV is urging us Christians to read and reflect on its documents, which he defines as \u00abliving prophecy\u00bb and \u00abthe spiritual compass\u00bb that the Church, as the boat of Peter, needs to navigate in modern times, avoiding the risk of knowing the Council only by indirect references or \u201cprogressive\u201d ideological interpretations that break with the past or \u201ctraditionalist\u201d ones that ignore the present. It invites us to be in tune with the Holy Spirit, who impels a New Pentecost through ecclesial and apostolic renewal, with charity towards every person, for the sake of the extension of the Kingdom of Christ on earth.<\/p>\n<h3>Dr. David Vegue Corbacho<\/h3>\n<p>Dr. David has five years of experience as a teacher in public secondary and high schools in Spain. Since 1998 he has lectured in Spain and Mexico on philosophical, theological, humanistic and educational topics. Since August 2000, he has been a career professor at the <a href=\"https:\/\/merida.anahuac.mx\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An\u00e1huac M\u00e9rida University<\/a>, where he teaches Humanities in undergraduate, master's and doctoral programs in Education and Humanities. In this same institution he serves as Coordinator of Graduate Studies in Humanities and has been a professor in the Master in Human Sciences, as well as in the diploma courses Great Religions, Myths and Realities of the History of the Church, Christian Art and Christian Pilgrimage Routes.<\/p>\n<p><em>Cover image credit: Vatican News<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sixty years after the Second Vatican Council, Pope Leo XIV is urging Christians to read and reflect on its documents, which he defines as \u00abliving prophecy\u00bb and \u00abthe spiritual compass\u00bb needed by the Church.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":117327,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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